Colchicine is commonly used to treat the symptoms of gout attacks. It is not entirely clear how this medication works inside the body, but it has been proven to relieve the symptoms of gout by reducing pain and swelling. It has been shown to prevent the body from responding to uric acid deposits. This medication does not prevent the progression of the disease.
Colchicine is not appropriate for everyone. A thorough medical history should be evaluated prior to prescribing this medication. Patients with a medical history which includes a previous allergic reaction, kidney disease, liver disease, poorly functioning kidneys, ulcers of the stomach, stomach disease, heart disease, blood problems, or are elderly or debilitated may not be able to take colchicine or may require careful monitoring while undergoing drug therapy with this medication, depending on the condition or the severity of the condition.
The American Food and Drug Administration rated this medication as a pregnancy risk category C. It has yet to be determined whether or not this medication will cause harm or birth defects in unborn babies. It has yet to be determined whether or not colchicine passes through the mother’s breast milk and affects a nursing baby. The prescribing physician should avoid prescribing this medication to pregnant or nursing women, or women who are likely to become pregnant.
There is a risk of side effects associated with colchicine, some of which are severe. A patient experiencing a serious side effect or an allergic reaction should seek immediate emergency medical treatment. An allergic reaction will present with symptoms which include facial swelling, including swelling of the lips, mouth, tongue, or throat, hives, and difficulty breathing. Other serious side effects which require immediate emergency medical treatment include symptoms such as fevers, rash, sore throat, fatigue, weakness, unusual bleeding, easy bruising, numbness, or tingling.
Less serious side effects typically do not require emergency medical care but should be reported to the prescribing physician. Patients should be encouraged to report all side effects. Less serious side effects include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Often these less serious side effects are a sign that too much colchicine is in the system. The patient should suspend taking this medication and consult the prescribing physician should they experience these side effects. Often les serious side effects can be reduced to a tolerable level by reducing the dosage of colchicine.
Colchicine should be taken exactly as it has been prescribed. If the patient misses a dose, the dose should be taken as soon as it is remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped to avoid the potential for an overdose. The patient should never take a double dose of this medication. If an overdose is suspected, the patient should seek immediate medical intervention. An overdose will present with symptoms which include muscle weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, burning in the throat, stomach, or skin, delirium, difficulty breathing, seizures, coma, or death.
There is a risk of negative drug interactions associated with colchicine. A thorough medical history should be understood prior to prescribing this medication. Patients should be urged to inquire with the prescribing physician before taking any new medications, including over the counter medications and herbal remedies. Medication that are known to negatively interact with colchicine include medications that are known to cause drowsiness or nausea.
Colchicine has the following structural formula:
• Colchicine available : 0.6mg tablets
Review published on: 14 March 2007
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